NOTE - THIS IS NOT A RECOMMENDATION.
We did an experiment in junior high school where we made hydrogen through a chemical reaction.
We captured the hydrogen in a balloon.
We proved it was hydrogen by igniting it with a match on the end of a stick.
It was really cool.
In a situation such as this, if one were able to safely capture the bubbles in the cooling lines in a similar manner, one might be able to prove if it's air or an air/fuel mixture leaking into the cooling system.
Now the down-side to such an OBVIOUSLY DANGEROUS AND NON-RECOMMENDED EXPERIMENT is that if the engine spits fuel out the exhaust, typical in a high-boost engine with incomplete ignition, it's likely one would have only eliminated the possibility of air alone in the cooling system.
Of course, I would NEVER RECOMMEND SUCH A DANGEROUS, BUT REALLY COOL EXPERIMENT.
I WOULD ALSO CAUTION ANYBODY ATTEMPTING SUCH AN ILL-ADVISED TEST TO USE THE LONGEST STICK THEY COULD FIND.